Tough to say, but ...
Chlorine: Many fluxes contain chlorine.
Sulphur: Many solders and paper packing materials contain sulphur.
Sodium: No idea.
IPC-J-001 talks to board cleanliness and specifies criteria according to the cleanliness test method used.
BOTTOM LINE: Different end-use applications have different sensitivities to soldering residues. Consider working with your customer to determine an acceptable standard that meets their requirements.
Finally, you should determine how you turned your NC soldering residues white. [We have done that before by water washing the board.]
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