SMT / PCB Assembly Electronics Manufacturing

   Login | Register

Aegis Manufacturing Software

Search: From: 
Full site search includes results from Power MembersGet Your Power Membership
Now Online
Visitors:  191
Members:  7



Subscribe to the SMTnet Express
View the latest edition

Link to SMTnet
Tell everyone you know about SMTnet! You can add this small image to your Web site and provide a link to us. Click here to learn how.
SMT / PCB Electronics Manufacturing

Include Your Website in our Full Site Search! Over 30,000 searches done every month! Click here to find out the details.
Bookmark and Share

cleaning links

cleaning Electronics Forums search results

2202 results found for cleaning. Showing matching items 1 - 50 ordered by relevancy


Re: Info. on Stencil cleaners

Nov 29, 1999 | ... methods of stencil cleaning. � Hand Cleaning � Spray-In-Air Cleaning � Ultrasonic Cleaning Hand Cleaning: Hand cleaning involves the removal of solder paste or adhesives from stencils using a chemically saturated wipe and / or rinsing the stencil in a sink or basin. Cleaning Performance: Because the cleaning process is completely manual, the degree of satisfactory cleanliness is completely determined by the operator. Manual cleaning provides the lowest degree of cleaning performance and ...

Freshman in SMT industry needing advice

Sep 22, 2004 | ... for cleaning by the solder paste manufacturer. "�EThe Sawa system is not recommended for cleaning misprinted PCBs, pallets, squeegees, oven radiators or other tooling." Response: Sawa has several models in the ultrasonic cleaning system line including those that can handle stencils, ICT pins, misprinted PCBs, pallets, squeegess and other tooling. If the customer is interested in a multiple task use cleaning system, Sawa has a solution. "�EThe Sawa system is not an ultrasonic stencil cleaner ...

UltraSonic cleaning machine

Sep 25, 2002 | ... �Cleaning Solutions for Stencils and Misprints,� Proceedings of the 1999 NEPCON West Conference, pp. 94-97 5. Seto, P., and Loew, N., �Stencil Cleaning,� SMT, May 2001, pp.66 � 72 6. Richards, B., Burton, P., and Footner, P., �Does Ultrasonic Cleaning of PCBs Cause Component Problems: An Appraisal,� IPC Technical Review, June 1990, pp.15 � 27 7. Vuono, B., and Crawford, T., �Ultrasonic Cleaning of Military PWAs,� EMPF TS0040, April 1991 8. Kenyon, W.G., �Ultrasonic Cleaning ...

Solder Pallet Maintenance?

Jul 11, 2007 | ... required to achieve the desired cleaning results is ideal - for cleaning pallets that would be 40 kHz at 10 - 15 watts / liter power density. Q: Can the same stencil cleaner be used for cleaning pallets, stencils and misprinted PCBs? A: Yes. However, the post-solder flux residue from pallets is a different contaminant than cleaning solder paste from stencils and misprints. Pallet-cleaning will require water temperatures too warm for the safe cleaning of stencils (stencils are heat-sensitive ...

Stencil cleaners.

Jul 17, 2006 | ... Aside from cleaning efficiency, other factors to consider include: Can the process potentially damage the stencil? Is the process also used for cleaning misprinted PCBs? What is the environmental impact? User safety? Versatility? The best article I have seen written on the subject is �SMT Stencil Cleaning: A Decision That Could Impact Production� by Richard S. Clouthier. Mr. Clouthier, of Xerox when the article was published, reviews several different chemistries and cleaning technologies ...

Stencil Cleaners

Apr 4, 2006 | ... stencil cleaning systems De-fluxing and stencil cleaning chemicals www.aqueoustech.com Austin American Technology Batch and inline de-fluxers Spray-in-air stencil cleaning systems De-fluxing and stencil cleaning chemicals www.aat-corp.com UnitDesign Batch de-fluxers Manual stencil cleaning systems www.unitdesign.com SmartSonic Ultrasonic stencil cleaning systems Stencil cleaning chemicals www.smartsonic.com PMR Systems Ultrasonic stencil cleaning systems Stencil cleaning chemicals www.pmrsystems ...

Freshman in SMT industry needing advice

Mar 29, 2004 | ... change from manual cleaning to automated stencil cleaning are: � Manual cleaning is not consistent � quality is totally in the operators hands � Contamination left on the stencil and in the apertures from manual cleaning will cause paste transfer issues, insufficients, bridging and/or solder balling. � Manual cleaning causes dings, dents, screen tension problems that lead to co-planarity, misregistration, misprint and stencil replacement problems. � Manual cleaning can be hazardous to ...

Aqueous Cleaning Systems

Feb 6, 2003 | Aqueous Cleaning Systems There are many differences between batch-format and inline format aqueous cleaning systems. First, please allow me two make two things clear. 1: I am a manufacturer of both batch and inline aqueous cleaning systems. Because my company manufacturers both technologies, I have no particular bias. 2: Because I am an equipment manufacturer, I shall refrain from making specific comparisons between brands in order to keep this forum free from the �sales-speak� commonly ...

Re: Adhesive Dispenser Vs. Screen Printing Adhesives Pros and Cons

Oct 12, 2000 | ... concern to manual cleaning. In addition, the safety and prevention of exposure to solvents are paramount to the operator staff. Frequent Stencil Cleaning is required (every 2 � 3 hrs.) to avoid aperture clogging. Manual Cleaning of Adhesive from Stencil is totally �not acceptable�. - Adhesive Cleaner @ $95.00 / 1 pkt. Of 100 pre-saturated clothe. (Usage of 6 to 8 clothe/cleaning) Or a spray and wipe cleaner @ $80.00 / solution with 200 pcs. Of lint free clothe. - Cleaning Time of 30 mins ...

Kyzen or Zestron?

Jun 11, 2007 | ... Aqueous cleaning has been more challenging as electronic assemblies move toward increasingly dense circuit designs, populated with low standoff components, and the move toward Pb-free. To address these challenges, Kyzen works closely with customers, solder material companies, and cleaning equipment companies to design cleaning fluids that address customer needs. Cleaning fluids are built to support different cleaning equipment designs. For your application, Kyzen offers aqueous cleaning fluids ...

Stencil Cleaner

Mar 28, 2002 | ... post solder flux residue is designed for cleaning in plain water without cleaning chemical additives. The real advantage of water washable flux was that it cleaned in plain water without additives � no chemicals to manage in the wash or waste stream. However, when OA solder paste was first introduced, the virgin solder paste did not easily clean in plain water. What advantage was a chemical-free post solder cleaning process if the presolder cleaning of stencils and misprints required chemical ...

Removal of No-Clean flux residue

Sep 5, 2001 | ... are a number of cleaning methods that are more environmentally friendly than Vapor Degreasing. What's a little purging of the local fish population gonna hurt anyway? There are a couple of other possibilities that also offer environmentally friendly cleaning options.... 1. Centrifugal Cleaning: Speedline Technologies' Accel division provides the Microcel and Hydrocel centrifugal cleaners. These are capable of being configured for aqueous cleaning as well as with a cleaning chemistry of your ...

New Mega II with Pre-Wash Feature--Press Release

Apr 6, 1998 | ... PWBs, precision cleaning for pre-wire bonding applications and pre-conformal coating, as well as tight-tolerance cleaning under flip chip and post ball attachment cleaning of BGAs. The Pre-Wash feature has extended the Mega� II's capabilities to include the removal of silicones, oils and salts in precision metal cleaning. The fully automated cleaner comes with precision process control, data logging and ultrasonic capabilities with applications in critical metal parts cleaning. A password ...

Disadvantages of using the ultrasonic cleaners - PCB cleaning

Aug 22, 2008 | ... cleaners - PCB cleaning The folowing articles are available at: http://www.smartsonic.com/article.html "Why Not Ultrasonic Cleaning?" by William Kenyon "Damage-Free Ultrasonically-Assisted Cleaning of Printed Circuit Assemblies" - by B.P. Richards et al "Does Ultrasonic Cleaning of PCBs Cause Component Problems: An Appraisal" - by B.P Richards, et al "The Effects of Ultrasonic Cleaning on Device Degradation Quartz ...

MANUAL CLEANING VS AUTO CLEANING

Dec 14, 2007 | MANUAL CLEANING VS AUTO CLEANING Good day, I want to skip operator job manual cleaning for stencil every 1/2 hours coz my machine already have auto cleaning. pls help me to explain to my bos the defect of manual cleaning compare with auto cleaning. pls advice My sp type is DEK machine ...

Cleaning under LCC's

Oct 17, 2006 | Cleaning under LCC's Hi Steve, I agree with you that cleaning under LCC's is often difficult but its not impossible. In order to clean the residues, the most important thing to consider is the right compatibility of the fluxes with the cleaning chemistry. There are several companies who manufacturer cleaning agents especially for cleaning under low stand-offs. The high precision cleaning agents provided by companies such as Zestron, Petroferm, Kyzen do have the ability to fulfill your ...

Cleaning Machine and Chemistry

Feb 19, 2001 | ... use of a �spray� type stencil cleaner for cleaning populated (double-sided) misprints as a �solder ball nightmare.� The explanation is that when cleaning stencils, literally millions of solder balls are broadcast throughout the cleaning chamber and that these solder balls will become entrapped within the populated side (A-side) of the PCB. Furthermore, the filtration systems used to recirculate the wash solution are not adequate to filter out 100% of the solder balls. Assuming the ...

non-flammable cleaning solutions?

Jan 18, 2007 | Affordable, non-flammable cleaning solutions? Wondering if anyone is using cleaning solutions that are safe to use and store, and don't cost an arm and a leg. Cleaning tasks would include solder paste stencil cleaning, misprinted PCB cleaning, flux cleaning after rework, and so on and so forth. Would really appreciate your advice ...

Water Soluble vs. No Clean

May 2, 2006 | ... cleaning may not be fully appreciated on all boards. Matters of use that affect liability, dependability etc all play a role in the decision to clean or not to clean. Obviously, boards and applications benefit from cleaning. Most medical, military, flight, space, and other high reliability applications normally require cleaning for a reason. Can YOU give up cleaning? Maybe, but you need to consider the other costs of not cleaning. There are a number of articles available that demonstrate the ...

solder fillet peeling update....

Jul 11, 2003 | ... a>] * Ultrasonic cleaning is permissible, the recommended conditions being 8 Watts/litre at 20-45 kHz, with a process cycle of 2 minutes vapor rinse, 2 minutes immersion in the ultrasonic solvent bath and finally 2 minutes vapor rinse. [http://www.avxcorp.com/docs/Catalogs/cguide.pdf ] * Cleaning (ultrasonic cleaning). To perform ultrasonic cleaning, observe the following conditions: Rinse bath capacity ...

Pallet Maintenance

Mar 5, 2001 | ... Sonic Stencil Cleaners for cleaning SMT and wave pallets. There are two primary protocols used. 1) If you have a large quantity of pallets and they are becoming contaminated rapidly, a dedicated stencil cleaner is used for the application. 2) If the pallets take approximately 5-7 days before requiring flux removal, then the same stencil cleaner used for cleaning solder paste can be used for cleaning pallets. When using the same Smart Sonic Stencil Cleaner for cleaning both stencils and pallets ...

PCB Assy Cleaning

Oct 2, 2006 | PCB Assy Cleaning Assuming: * Customer board has been designed to provide for cleaning under components. * Cleaning equipment is capable. In meeting J-STD-001, your current cleaning equipment should be able to clean: * Water washable fluxes. * Low residue fluxes, provided the flux is cleanable and you follow the flux manufacturer recommendations. Solvent systems often are used for cleaning rosin-based fluxes in hi-rel, military applications ...

Cleaner device for PCB

Jan 29, 2004 | ... water and a little cleaning chemistry should do. However, there may be some reaction by the residual flux if not enough cleaning chemistry is used. There are many out there cleaning no-clean flux residues. Its best to use a chemistry such as supplied by Zestron, Kyzen and Petroferm. www.zestron.com www.kyzen.com www.petroferm.com Consult your solderpaste mfg. and the cleaning vendors for best chemistry match for your application. There are batch type and in-line cleaning equipment that can do ...

Stencil Cleaner

Mar 28, 2002 | ... in post-reflow cleaning applications. In stencil, misprint and tool cleaning applications however, no-clean paste poses no extra degree of cleaning difficulty. There are few special requirements of a stencil cleaning system. Basic requirements are: The ability to handle a chemistry (required for no-clean paste removal). A filtration system, although not required, will extend the life of the wash solution thereby lowering operational costs. If using a spray-in-air cleaning system, special ...

oil contaminated PCB cleaning

Jan 29, 2010 | ... PCB cleaning I would recommend the following paper entitled "Cleaning for Reliability Post QFN Rework" by Mike Bixenman (Kyzen) and myself (Aqueous Technologies). While it discussed cleaning under QFN's in a batch environment, it is also applicable to cleaning under BGA's. It discusses best practices as it relates to chemicals and equipment. Board Cleaning

Dec 5, 2001 | Board Cleaning There are a few good de-fluxing chemicals and many more �not-so-good� de-fluxing chemicals. As a manufacturer of cleaning equipment, it is imperative that our customers use a de-fluxing chemical that: #1: Removes flux #2: Is environmentally safe #3: Is compatible with the cleaning machine #4: Is economically viable #1: When it comes to flux removal, it is important to note that not all chemicals work on all applications. While some chemicals work on most applications all of ...

STENCIL CLEANING WITH SOLVENTS

Nov 12, 1999 | STENCIL CLEANING WITH SOLVENTS We are currently cleaning solder paste (TAMURA SQ-1030FP) from stencil using an ultrasonic stencil cleaner with solvent (HYSPER-Non CFC). The process cycle time is 30 sec. cleaning in 1st ultrasonic tank and another 30sec. cleaning in 2nd ultrasonic tank and subsequently 360sec. in a blower tank.Cleaning was fantastically clean. However, we have one set back . The tension of the stencil becomes loosen and looses its tension. Reasons being that the solvents are ...

Stencil Cleaning

Apr 13, 2001 | Stencil Cleaning I�ve just had an argument with my Boss on the frequency of Stencil cleaning. He told me to remove the procedures that asking the operator to send the Stencil for cleaning ( using Automatic machine ) after every 8 hours. I said big NO!! NO!!. He said the cleaning doesn�t serve any purpose as the printer is running 24 hours. I know he got his point but, wouldn�t it be bad or not healthy to the printing quality if we keep using the stencil with proper machine cleaning ...

Low VOC stencil cleaning fluid

May 19, 2003 | Low VOC stencil cleaning fluid A chemical change is needed to reduce VOC�s in our spray-in-air stencil cleaner. Items that are to be considered to effectively find a replacement chemical that works as well, or better than the current chemical include, but not limited to, the following. 1. Cleaning effectiveness (criteria TBD). 2. Cleaning cycle time (including the drying time). 3. Cleaning temperature (room temp or heated). 4. Rinsing (none, DI water or tap water). 5. Waste discharge ...

About use of water washable pastes and fluxes

Jan 5, 2005 | About use of water washable pastes and fluxes Q1. Is it enough to use only water while cleaning or is it necessary to use any additional chemistries and/or saponifiers as well? A1. It depends on: * Flux residues that you're cleaning * Standoff of the components * Cleaning technology [we've never heard of 'supersonic cleaning']. Q2. Where should the used water be pour out to? In Datasheet for paste and flux there is no information concernig the matter. A2. It depends if the output of your ...

stencil cleaning

Oct 11, 2005 | stencil cleaning HI We start to make a product which have a 0.4 mm pitch IC and start having problems with not enough solder printed, to solve this problem we had to increase the manual cleaning, now we are cleaning the stencil every 8 printings, before we was running models with 0.5 mm pitch IC's without any problem (cleaning stencil every 15 pcb's) Do you have any recommendation about solvent to clean the stencil, right now we are cleaning with regular alcohol ? We want to reduce the printing ...

cleaning of no clean flux

Aug 10, 2005 | ... with RF designs without cleaning; however, the compatibility of flux residues on RF assemblies is strongly dependent upon circuitry design. -- Post-process residues may remain on the PCB in RF designs without cleaning. Above 2GHz cleaning maybe required. -- Post-process residues may remain on the PWB in RF designs up to 10 gigahertz without cleaning. Above 10 gigahertz cleaning is recommended ...

White residue after cleaning with IPA

Jan 27, 2003 | ... residue after cleaning with IPA Dave is correct. No-clean flux + water = white residue (unless the proper chemical is mixed with the water). Additionally, no-clean flux + IPA = white residue. Many saponifiers work well as do other cleaning agents. White residue may also be a result of profile issues (usually too hot). I do not understand why you are concerned about LED�s. LED�s are frequently cleaned using a water-based cleaning process. I can recommend specific cleaning chemicals but keep ...

Re: help help! Water clean for CSP/BGA package

Oct 5, 1999 | ... inline technologies and batch type cleaning systems. In agreement with the other responses, cleaning underneath components involves many factors. I have several referances of manufacturing companies that are sucessfully cleaning underneath fine pitch,BGA's and CSP's. I would encourage you to contact these individuals to discuss what testing they have performed to qualify their cleaning process. Ultimately, performing various tests on different cleaning systems will provide you with concrete ...

Cleaning Reworked BGA's.

Aug 5, 2005 | ... should be set at 35 and 30 psi top and bottom respectively, and belt speeds of 3.0 ft/min We have always found in our cleaning facility that when using an in-line or batch cleaning process, the most effective cleaning method for the best ionic cleanliness is to use a low pressure, high flood protocol with a good saponifier and slow belt speed. This is an effective protocol to use with cleaning BGAs. Regards, Sara Gorcos Foresite Inc. www.residues.com

Is Aqueous Cleaning Recommended for BGA boards?

Jun 1, 2004 | Is Aqueous Cleaning Recommended for BGA boards? We have been populating lot of BGA boards and for all these boards we have been using No clean solderpaste. We are under the impression that aqueous cleaning is not recommended for BGA boards as the residue cannot be cleaned properly. However we are facing lot of process issues on these boards and want to try aqueous cleaning paste instead of no clean. We have a conventional aqueous cleaning machine from H20 products. In this machine ionized water ...

Cleaning Water Soluble Flux under BGA's

Mar 25, 2004 | ... worse than leaving flux on a board is leaving cleaning chemicals on a board. It is imperative that the wash chemical be thoroughly removed. Failure to remove the wash chemical will normally result in board failures. If you choose to include a wash chemical in your cleaning process, be sure that your cleaning system has a robust rinse ability. In reality, the rinse section of your cleaning system should actually be more powerful than your wash system. Rinsing is the most critical of the Wash ...

Cleaning after repair.

Jan 23, 2003 | ... and corrosive. This is why you have to clean the board. Spot cleaning using a chemical saturated Q-tip or wipe is OK if the board is rinsed free of the cleaning chemical. The only think worse then flux left on a board is cleaning chemical left on a board. Most cleaning chemicals are high pH, very ionic, and in many cases, corrosive. Great care should be exercised to remove the cleaning chemical from the board. In addition, cleaning a board with a chemically saturated wipe or Q-tip normally ...

Cleaning SMD Adhesives

Jul 23, 2002 | Cleaning SMD Adhesives Searched the Archives??? Gold star. You're correct. I don't imagine there is much detail on actual cleaning process information. Mostly just top level ranting by our favorite stencil cleaner salemen. 'Ahem. Yes, it is VEEEERY important to select the cleaning medium to be used to clean your paste and adhesive before selecting the cleaning machine. bla bla bla.' No 'DEK Pump Print'. No Loctite 3616 glue. No Zestron. We clean Loctite 3906 with Hydrex [Petroferm] and [near as ...

Re: Ultrasonic stencil cleaner

Apr 14, 1998 | ... Certified. Other chemistries contain solvents, VOCs, flammables, alcohol blends and/or other hazardous ingredients. 2) It must clean all types of solder paste. Just cleaning a selected few types of solder paste will tie the hands of production or require two or more stencil cleaning processes. The Smart Sonic stencil cleaning equipment, when using 440-R SMT Detergent, is guaranteed to clean any type of solder paste from any fine-pitch stencil...or your money back! 3) The chemistry must clean at ...

Obtaining EPA Certification

Feb 19, 2001 | ... waste stream. Stencil cleaning has been identified as the most hazardous process confronting an SMT assembler because of the lead from the solder paste and because of some of the hazardous chemistries associated with cleaning raw solder paste. Just because a chemistry is CAS Certified does not mean that the process is environmentally safe. Only EPA Certification encompasses the entire cleaning process and waste streams. So, when evaluating a hazardous cleaning application, I would not put much ...

Wave Solder Pallet Cleaning

Jul 22, 2008 | Wave Solder Pallet Cleaning Not sure about pallets, but contacts for cleaning contractors are: * Petroferm Contract Services [www.partscleaned.com] Franklin, Ky * Aqueous Technologies [www.aqueoustech.com] Rancho Cucamonga, CA * FinePoint Precision Cleaning [www.finepointinc.com] Kokomo, IN * Austin American Technology [www.aat-corp.com] Austin, TX * PTI Industries [www.ptiwebsite.com 800-318-8438] Enfield, CT Permali makes Durostone. Here's what they say about cleaning their material: <a ...

Need your help in buying a new PCB cleaning machine.

Feb 12, 2005 | Need your help in buying a new PCB cleaning machine. Dears, I am assigned to update our PCB cleaning system which I know a little about. We are using a DAGE cleaning equipment. We are looking for a batch cleaning equipment that is compatible with Prozone. I totally don�t know types of cleaning methods and what is the right method the suits us. Please let me know if further information is needed. Thank you

PCB Cleaning

Jul 13, 2004 | PCB Cleaning Cleaning RMA fluxes simply requires selecting a washing chemistry (either Solvent, Semi-aqueous or Aqueous) and an appropriate cleaning sytem. Your lot size would be easily handled with a batch system. visit http://www.aat-corp.com/Technical/Default.htm to read about a 5 Step Approach to A successful cleaning process. For semi-aqueous and aqueous mixtures, the DI rinse solution can be recycled ...

Solderball Removal

May 23, 2002 | ... Solder balls can be removed with most cleaning systems, batch or inline. Ultrasonic will work but may also cause other problems. A high pressure spray-in-air cleaning system with a chemical additive (for no-clean removal) will work best. If you normally do not clean your boards at all, and if this is (hopefully) a one time effort, consider a contract cleaning service. In addition to manufacturing cleaning equipment, we operate a contract cleaning service. In addition, there are other companies ...

What's The Waste?

Feb 20, 2001 | ... many users evaluate the cleaning machine first. Then, after installation, the question of waste streams comes as a complete surprise (usually a shock). Believe it or not, I have seen users buy and install a cleaning machine and then begin to evaluate chemistries only to find the chemistry that best fit their needs didn�t work well in the machine they purchased. I advise a person to look at the chemistry first. The chemistry is the most important element of any cleaning process and the main ...

SMT Cleaning

Apr 23, 2007 | SMT Cleaning Good afternoon everyone, We have a customer that wants to specify "cleaning processes" on a board that typically has a "no clean process". Normally, I would not care, but I have one component on this board for which I question the cleaning process. There is a leadless surface mount package (attenuator). This package has a center pad, and several leadless pins around the outside of the component. This also sits flush to the board. Our concern is cleaning the area between the pins and ...

Stencil Cleaning

Jan 4, 2007 | Stencil Cleaning 1) determine the rate of cleaning frequency related defects your production can tolerate. 2) determine the frequency that nets you that defect rate, or lower, but also consider the cost of cleaning materials and throughput if you're cleaning very often. When I had a fully auto inlne printer I just stood out there on the line and watched the inspection cycles to determine how often to clean. Usually it was every 1-2 cycles for 16 mil pitch, every 2-3 cycles for 20 mil pitch, and ...

Solvent Cleaning

Mar 3, 2006 | Solvent Cleaning The most effective cleaning of high solids RMA has been with a good saponifier (5-7%) [eg, Kyzen Aquanox, Lonox formulations, Envirosense Envirogold, etc ] in deionized water, 150F, with 2-3 DI water rinses. Dull solder connections when you do spot solvent cleaning could be caused by either: * Excessive solvent concentration * Too long solvent application time Consider using a prepared solvent mixture specificly formulated for spot cleaning ...

stencil cleaning

Oct 14, 2005 | stencil cleaning Your problem is not the 0.4 pitch. Your problem is the manual cleaning. Manual cleaning will only remove the solder paste from the surface of the stencil. What's more, manual cleaning will force additional contamination into the 0.4 pitch apertures causing additional blockage. After you manually clean the stencil, I recommend inspecting the apertures under magnification. The inspection will reveal your real problem and the need of a good ultrasonic stencil cleaner. A good ...

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45







 
 
 
 
 
 
Click here for text advertising info
   Back to the Top License Agreement       Privacy Policy       Contact Us    Copyright © SMTnet 1995-2010    Back to the Top